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Class 7 Unit-5 (Life Processes)

  Unit-5 (Life Processes) Introduction Life processes are the essential functions that living organisms perform to maintain life, ensuring survival, growth, and reproduction.   Transportation The process of supplying required substances to the cells and transporting unnecessary substances from the cells to the related excretory organs is called transportation.   Transportation in plants Transportation in plants is the process by which water, minerals, and food are moved from one part of the plant to another . This helps the plant to grow and stay healthy. Transport of Water and Minerals: Done by xylem . Water and minerals are absorbed by roots from the soil and moved up to stems and leaves. This process is called upward transport . Transport of Food: Done by phloem . Food made in the leaves during photosynthesis is sent to all parts of the plant (roots, stems, fruits). This process is called translocation .   Transportation...
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Class 7 Unit-4 (Biodiversity and Environment)

  Unit-4 (Biodiversity and Environment) Introduction Biodiversity is the variety of all living things on Earth. It includes different plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms , as well as the ecosystems they live in.   The environment is everything that is around us, including all the living things and non-living things.   Natural resource All the materials available in nature which are needed to support life and meet demands of human beings are called natural resources. -Natural resources include water, air, soil, rocks, minerals, coal, petroleum, natural gas, solar energy, including humans and plants. Types of Natural Resources 1. Nonrenewable natural resources -Non-renewable resources are natural things that can be used only once and cannot be made again quickly . Once they are finished, they take millions of years to form again. -Energy obtained from non-renewable sources is called non-renewable energy. -For example: Natural gas,...
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