Class 5 Unit-4 (Classification of Organism)
Unit-4
Classification of Organisms
Exercise
D. Differentiate between:
1️⃣ Vertebrate and invertebrate
- Vertebrates have backbone.
- Invertebrates do not have backbone.
2️⃣ Pisces and amphibia
- Pisces (fishes) live only in water and have gills.
- Amphibians can live both in water and on land, and have lungs and moist skin.
3️⃣ Pisces and aves
- Pisces live in water, have fins and gills.
- Aves (birds) have feathers, wings, and can fly.
4️⃣ Amphibian and reptile
- Amphibians have moist skin and live both in water and on land.
- Reptiles have dry, scaly skin and mostly live on land.
E. Give reasons:
1️⃣ Fishes have fins.
👉 To swim and maintain balance in water.
2️⃣ Fishes have gills.
👉 To breathe oxygen dissolved in water.
3️⃣ Birds have pneumatic bones.
👉 To make their body light and help them in flying.
F. Very short answer type questions:
1️⃣ Name any two invertebrates.
👉 Earthworm, spider.
2️⃣ Write any two vertebrates.
👉 Cow, dog.
3️⃣ Name any two pisces.
👉 Rohu, shark.
4️⃣ Give names of any two amphibians.
👉 Frog, toad.
G. Short answer type questions:
1️⃣ Write any two characteristics of pisces.
- Have fins.
- Have gills to breathe.
2️⃣ Enlist any two characteristics of amphibians.
- Live on land and water.
- Have moist skin.
3️⃣ Give any two characteristics of mammals.
- Have hair or fur on body.
- Give birth to young ones and feed milk.
H. Long answer type questions:
1️⃣ Observe a drawing of an animal (bird shown).
a. Is the animal vertebrate?
👉 Yes, it is a vertebrate.
b. What are the main features in the body of this
animal for flying purpose?
👉
- Presence of feathers.
- Light (pneumatic) bones.
- Streamlined body.
- Strong breast muscles.
- Wings for flying.
Next Exercise
D. Differentiate between:
1. Tap root and Fibrous root
Tap Root |
Fibrous Root |
It has one main thick root. |
It has many thin roots of the same size. |
Found in dicot plants. |
Found in monocot plants. |
Grows deep into the soil. |
Spreads out near the surface of the soil. |
Reason: Tap roots grow from a single main root, while fibrous roots grow in a bunch without a main root.
2. Sepal and Petal
Sepal |
Petal |
Green part that protects the flower bud. |
Colorful part that attracts insects. |
Found at the base of a flower. |
Found above the sepals in a flower. |
Reason: Sepals protect the bud before it opens; petals attract pollinators after it blooms.
3. Monocot and Dicot Plants
Monocot Plants |
Dicot Plants |
Have one seed leaf (cotyledon). |
Have two seed leaves (cotyledons). |
Parallel veins in leaves. |
Net-like veins in leaves. |
Fibrous root system. |
Tap root system. |
Reason: The number of seed leaves and leaf vein pattern helps identify monocots and dicots.
E. Give reasons:
- Maize belongs to
monocot.
➤ Because maize has only one seed leaf (cotyledon), parallel veins in leaves, and fibrous roots. - Beans belong to
dicot.
➤ Because beans have two seed leaves (cotyledons), net-like veins in leaves, and a tap root system.
F. Very short answer type questions:
- Name three major
parts of a plant.
➤ Root, stem, and leaves. - Write any two
functions of root.
➤ (i) It holds the plant in the soil.
➤ (ii) It absorbs water and minerals. - List any two
functions of stem.
➤ (i) It supports branches, leaves, and flowers.
➤ (ii) It carries water and food in the plant. - Enlist any two
functions of leaves.
➤ (i) They prepare food through photosynthesis.
➤ (ii) They help in transpiration. - Name two types of
seeds.
➤ Monocot and dicot seeds.
G. Short answer type questions:
- What are different
parts of a plant?
➤ Root, stem, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. - What are different
parts of a leaf?
➤ Leaf blade (lamina), petiole, veins, and midrib. - Name the different
parts of a flower.
➤ Sepal, petal, stamen, and carpel.
H. Long answer type question:
- Observe the given
diagram of a plant.
a. Name different parts of the plant and enlist their functions:
Part of Plant |
Function |
Root |
Absorbs water and anchors the plant. |
Stem |
Supports the plant and transports water and food. |
Leaf |
Makes food by photosynthesis. |
Flower |
Helps in reproduction. |
Fruit |
Protects and carries seeds. |
2. Draw tap root and fibrous root system. Write any two differences between them.
✅ Differences:
Tap Root System |
Fibrous Root System |
Has one main thick root. |
Has many thin roots of equal size. |
Grows deep into the soil. |
Spreads out near the soil surface |
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