Class 6 Unit-1 (Scientific Learning)

 

Unit-1

Scientific Learning

D. Differentiate between:

1. Observation and Conclusion

• Observation: It is the act of noticing or watching something carefully.
• Conclusion: It is the final decision or judgment made after studying observations.

2. Traditional learning process and scientific learning process

• Traditional learning process: It focuses on memorization and listening to teachers.
• Scientific learning process: It is based on observation, experiment, and logical thinking.

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E. Very short answer type questions

1. What is scientific learning?
→ Scientific learning is the process of learning through observation, experimentation, and reasoning.

2. What is scientific study?
→ Scientific study is a detailed investigation done using scientific methods.

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F. Short answer type questions

1. What are the reasons for the study of science?
→ The reasons are:

• To understand the natural world
• To solve problems using evidence
• To improve technology and life

2. What are the common steps for scientific learning?
→ The steps are:

• Observation
• Questioning
• Hypothesis
• Experiment
• Conclusion
• Reporting

3. What are scientific skills?
→ Scientific skills are skills used in scientific learning like:

• Observing
• Classifying
• Measuring
• Predicting
• Communicating

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G. Long answer type questions

1. What is the importance of report preparation in scientific learning?
→ Report preparation is important because:

• It helps to record findings clearly
• It allows sharing of results
• It helps in future reference
• It improves understanding and communication of scientific ideas

2. What are the various steps of scientific learning process?
→ The steps are:

1. Observation – Watching things carefully
2. Questioning – Asking questions about the observation
3. Hypothesis – Giving a possible answer
4. Experiment – Testing the hypothesis
5. Conclusion – Finding the result from the experiment
6. Reporting – Writing and sharing the result

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Next Exercise

D. Differentiate between:

1. Fundamental unit and derived unit

• Fundamental unit: It is a basic unit like meter (m), kilogram (kg), second (s).
• Derived unit: It is made from fundamental units like m² (for area), m/s (for speed).

2. Traditional system of measurement and scientific method of measurement

• Traditional system: Based on body parts (e.g., hand span, foot).
• Scientific method: Based on standard units (e.g., meter, kilogram).

3. Clinical thermometer and laboratory thermometer

• Clinical thermometer: Used to measure human body temperature.
• Laboratory thermometer: Used in labs to measure various temperatures.

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E. Give reasons:

1. SI system is adopted all over the countries.
→ Because it is standard, easy to use, and the same everywhere.

2. Measurement and units work together.
→ Measurement is incomplete without units, units tell us "how much" of something.

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F. Very short answer type questions:

1. Define unit.
→ A unit is a standard quantity used to measure things.

2. Define measurement.
→ Measurement is the comparison of an object with a standard unit.

3. What is the SI unit of length?
→ Meter (m)

4. What is the SI unit of mass?
→ Kilogram (kg)

5. What is the SI unit of time?
→ Second (s)

6. What is clinical thermometer?
→ A clinical thermometer is used to measure the temperature of the human body.

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G. Short answer type questions:

1. What is length and how is it measured?
→ Length is the distance between two points. It is measured using a ruler, measuring tape, or scale.

2. What is area and how is it measured?
→ Area is the amount of surface covered. It is measured in square units like cm², m² using formulas.

3. What is time and how is it measured?
→ Time is the ongoing sequence of events. It is measured using a clock or stopwatch.

4. Show that volume is a derived unit.
→ Volume = length × breadth × height
→ All are measured in meters, so volume is measured in m³ (meter cube), which is a derived unit.

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H. Long answer type questions:

1. A piece of cloth has 10 cm length in one side and 20 cm length in another side. If the cloth is regular, calculate the area.
→ Area = length × breadth
→ Area = 10 cm × 20 cm = 200 cm²

2. What are the applications of measurement?
→ Applications of measurement:

• In construction and engineering
• In cooking and baking
• In tailoring clothes
• In science and experiments
• In transport and travel
• In daily life to measure time, distance, weight, etc.

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3. Write the importance of SI units over the traditional units of measurement.

• SI units are used worldwide and are the same in all countries.
• They are standard, accurate, and easy to understand.
• SI units remove confusion and help in scientific communication.

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4. Show the steps of scientific learning in a flowchart.

Flowchart of Scientific Learning:

  Observation → Question → Hypothesis → Experiment → Conclusion → Reporting

5. Calculate the 1 m³ into cubic centimeter.

We know:
1 m = 100 cm
So,
1 m³ = 100 cm × 100 cm × 100 cm = 1,000,000 cm³

✅ Answer: 1 m³ = 1,000,000 cubic centimeters (cm³)